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by Connie Warren on Apr 19, 2024 9:00:00 AM
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) indicates that only 41% of fourth and 34% of eighth graders are proficient in math. This is or should be a wake-up call for us all and highlights an urgent need for fresh approaches in math education nationwide. The stakes are high—the risks extend far beyond the classroom, shaping our students' futures and the nation's standing in a global economy.
A nation's math prowess reflects our broader educational challenges. Over the past decade, we have seen dangerously flat trends in math scores, accompanied by growing inequities between demographic groups. These aren't just disappointing statistics; they represent millions of students' lost opportunities and wasted potential. The impact goes beyond individual academic and career prospects to affect the foundations of our national innovation and competitiveness.
Best Practices in Math Education
These best practices for quality mathematical education are based on solid research, pointing us toward the right path forward at this crucial juncture. Effective math instruction involves more than memorization; it fosters critical thinking, solves real-world problems, and practically applies knowledge.
Research-driven instruction, employing proven teaching methods and curriculum materials, offers a transformative potential for student achievement. When instructional strategies are correctly attuned to how students learn math at its best, teachers can inspire deeper learning and appreciation for math while establishing a foundation for life-long learning and success. Here are a few instructional strategies and approaches for math education that are research-backed and ready to incorporate into any math classroom routine:
- Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) Sequence: The CRA sequence is an instructional approach in which students are first introduced to new math concepts using concrete materials (like blocks or counters), then move to representational materials (like drawings or diagrams), and finally to abstract symbols (like equations). Research, such as that by Harris, Miller, and Mercer (1995), has shown that the CRA sequence helps students develop a deeper understanding of math concepts and processes by building on their intuitive and visual knowledge before moving to abstract reasoning.
- Formative Assessment: Formative assessment involves teachers using informal assessment techniques throughout the teaching and learning process to monitor student learning and adapt instruction as needed. Black and Wiliam (1998) state that integrating formative assessments into classroom practice can significantly improve student achievement.
- Problem-Based Learning (PBL): PBL is an instructional method where students learn by engaging in real-world problems that require them to apply various math concepts and skills. Strobel and van Barneveld (2009) conducted a meta-analysis that concluded that PBL is more effective than traditional instructional methods in improving student learning and retention.
- Use of Manipulatives: Manipulatives are physical objects students can use to explore and understand mathematical concepts. Sowell (1989) found that manipulatives can improve learning outcomes in mathematics, particularly in developing students' understanding of basic and complex mathematical concepts.
- Differentiated Instruction: Differentiated instruction involves tailoring teaching environments and practices to create appropriately different learning experiences for diverse students. Tomlinson (2001) describes differentiated instruction as a response to student readiness, interest, and learning profile, and this approach is supported by research indicating improved student engagement and achievement.
- Growth Mindset Encouragement: Encouraging a growth mindset involves promoting the belief that abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work. Dweck (2006) has shown that students who believe their abilities are malleable are more likely to embrace challenges and persist despite failures, which leads to higher achievement.
- Spatial Reasoning and Visualization: This approach emphasizes the development of students' ability to visualize mathematical concepts and solve problems through spatial reasoning. A study by Mix and Cheng (2012) highlighted the significance of spatial training in improving math skills, particularly geometry and measurement.
- Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL): IBL involves students posing questions, problems, or scenarios rather than simply presenting facts. This method encourages active learning and critical thinking. Laursen et al. (2019) demonstrated that inquiry-based learning approaches in mathematics significantly improved students' problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.
- Socio-Cultural Approaches: These approaches consider the cultural contexts and social interactions of students' learning environments, promoting collaborative learning and problem-solving. A study by Wager and Stinson (2012) emphasized the positive impacts of integrating cultural relevance into math lessons, showing improved engagement and understanding among diverse student populations.
- Productive Struggle: Allowing students to struggle through challenges to find solutions before stepping in to help promote more profound understanding and resilience. Warshauer (2015) found that allowing students to engage in productive struggle led to higher levels of achievement and a deeper conceptual understanding of mathematics.
Innovative teaching strategies provide a toolkit for educators and tutors to boost math proficiency. These evidence-based strategies transform math education from a potential source of anxiety into a catalyst for curiosity and exploration.
How Technology Transforms Math Education
Digital advancements have opened up the horizons of math education. It is helping intervention go beyond geographical and logistical restraints to offer high-quality interactive math instruction to students everywhere. Virtual learning platforms like BookNook deliver tailored educational experiences that connect students with live tutors to scaffold instruction and support growth. These platforms provide real-time insights into students' progress using analytics, enabling tutors to fine-tune their instructional strategies and interventions for maximum results.
Student math proficiency, and consequently effective math tutoring, is at the heart of our educational priorities for positive change. Tutoring must help fill gaps in understanding and build significant confidence. Effective high-impact tutoring involves varied assessments, targeted interventions, and consistent feedback. This strategic approach ensures tutoring complements classroom teaching and significantly elevates students' math skills.
Student math proficiency, and consequently effective math tutoring, is at the heart of our educational priorities for positive change. Tutoring must help fill gaps in understanding and build significant confidence. Effective high-impact tutoring involves varied assessments, targeted interventions, and consistent feedback. This strategic approach ensures tutoring complements classroom teaching and significantly elevates students' math skills.
A United Call for Action
The nation's current state of math scores should serve as a call to collective action. It requires a concerted effort from everyone involved—from educators and policymakers to tech innovators and community leaders. Using best practices in education and tutoring, leveraging technology, and ensuring equity are essential. We are at a pivotal juncture. Today's decisions will appear in tomorrow's classrooms and extend into our communities and society. Let's choose a path of innovation, equity, and excellence. Let's commit to transforming math proficiency across our nation—one student, one teacher, one classroom at a time. The future of our students and our country depends on our actions now.